Figure 6From: rAAV-mediated overexpression of TGF-β stably restructures human osteoarthritic articular cartilage in situPotential mechanisms and pathways involved in the effects of TGF-β in rAAV-transduced human normal and OA chondrocytes in situ . Explants were transduced with rAAV-lacZ or rAAV-hTGF-β as described in Figure 1 and maintained in culture for 90 days. The samples were then fixed and histologically processed for immunohistochemical detection of MMP-13 (A), TIMP-1 (B), TIMP-3 (C), PTHrP (D), β-catenin (E), and the TGF-β receptor I (ALK1 and ALK5) (F and G, respectively) (all at magnification x20; view of the middle zone).Back to article page