Table 2 Surgical treatment details of subjects

Operative time (minutes)

109 ± 49

139 ± 66

0.014*

Length of incision (cm)

3.1 ± 1.1

6.9 ± 1.3

<0.0001*

Operative hemorrhage (mL)

29.5 ± 43.1

69.7 ± 52.7

<0.0001*

Postoperative drainage (mL)

42.9 ± 28.9

53.4 ± 49.1

0.729

Length of hospitalization (days)

4.7 ± 1.9

5.5 ± 3.1

0.548

Peak angle of cervical axial rotation (degree)

Left

31.5 ± 3.5

39.0 ± 4.1

<0.0001*